How to fix Error 10700 on Windows Server 2025 / Windows 11

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Troubleshooting Guide: Error 10700 – Table-Valued Parameter Is READONLY

Why This Error Happens

This error occurs because table-valued parameters (TVPs) in SQL Server are READONLY by design, and any attempt to perform INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations directly against the TVP inside a stored procedure or function will trigger this failure. This typically happens when a developer writes T-SQL logic that tries to modify the TVP data directly instead of copying it into a temporary table or table variable first. It can also surface after a code migration or upgrade to SQL Server 2025 where legacy procedures were not updated to respect the READONLY constraint enforced on TVP parameters.

Step-by-Step Resolution Guide

Step 1: Identify the Offending Stored Procedure or Query

  • Review the full error message to locate the exact TVP name referenced (the %.*ls placeholder will be replaced with the actual parameter name in the real error output).
  • Open SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) and use sp_helptext 'YourProcedureName' to review the procedure definition.
  • Search the code for any INSERT INTO @TVPName, UPDATE @TVPName, or DELETE FROM @TVPName statements.

Step 2: Copy TVP Data into a Temporary Table or Table Variable

  • Instead of modifying the TVP directly, declare a local temporary table (#TempTable) or a table variable (DECLARE @LocalTable TABLE (...)) with a matching schema.
  • Use SELECT * INTO #TempTable FROM @TVPName; to copy the data out of the READONLY parameter.
  • Perform all required INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE operations against #TempTable instead of the original TVP.

Step 3: Update Application-Side Code (If Applicable)

  • If the TVP is populated via ADO.NET, Entity Framework, or ODBC from a C# or .NET application, verify that the SqlParameter.SqlDbType is set to Structured and that no client-side logic attempts to reuse the same DataTable object for write-back operations after passing it to SQL Server.
  • Ensure the application is only using the TVP for passing data into SQL Server, not expecting SQL Server to return modified data through the same parameter.

Step 4: Redeploy and Test the Corrected Procedure

  • Save the updated stored procedure script and deploy it to your SQL Server 2025 instance using SSMS or sqlcmd.
  • Run EXEC sp_recompile 'YourProcedureName'; to clear any cached execution plans tied to the old procedure logic.
  • Re-run the original failing query or application workflow to confirm the error no longer appears.

Alternative or Verification Steps

  • Verify the fix by executing the stored procedure manually in SSMS with a sample TVP input and confirming no Error 10700 is raised in the Messages tab.
  • If the issue persists, check for nested procedure calls where the TVP is passed further down the call stack to another procedure that also attempts to modify it directly—this requires applying the same temp table fix at that deeper level.